真(zhen)空泵廠家淺談(tan)真(zhen)空泵的(de)高頻放電(dian)現象

　　真空(kong)泵(beng)廠(chang)家：真空(kong)泵(beng)的高頻放(fang)電現象

　　真空泵廠(chang)家(jia)告訴大(da)家(jia)高頻放(fang)電(dian)(dian)是(shi)由于(yu)兩(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)極之(zhi)間存在(zai)高頻交(jiao)(jiao)變電(dian)(dian)場而(er)引(yin)起(qi)的放(fang)電(dian)(dian)形式，當放(fang)電(dian)(dian)管兩(liang)(liang)端施加交(jiao)(jiao)變電(dian)(dian)壓時(shi)，氣體中的電(dian)(dian)子(zi)和(he)正(zheng)離(li)(li)子(zi)在(zai)交(jiao)(jiao)變電(dian)(dian)場的作用下產生(sheng)附加共(gong)振(zhen)，因(yin)為正(zheng)離(li)(li)子(zi)的質(zhi)量(liang)遠大(da)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)的質(zhi)量(liang)，所以共(gong)振(zhen)幅度很小，當真空泵的頻率(lv)較低，共(gong)振(zhen)的振(zhen)幅遠大(da)于(yu)兩(liang)(liang)極之(zhi)間的距離(li)(li)時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)子(zi)在(zai)每(mei)半(ban)個周期內經歷(li)坍縮、放(fang)電(dian)(dian)和(he)消光的全(quan)過程，此(ci)時(shi)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)情況與DC相(xiang)同，當頻率(lv)較高時(shi)，共(gong)振(zhen)的振(zhen)幅遠小于(yu)兩(liang)(liang)極之(zhi)間的距離(li)(li)，電(dian)(dian)子(zi)的電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)能力會因(yin)其不斷的來回(hui)運動而(er)大(da)大(da)增強(qiang)。

　　因為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)共振的(de)(de)幅(fu)度很小，所以進入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)數量會大大減(jian)少(shao)，這樣氣體自持(chi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)將不再由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)產生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)二次(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)提供，而是由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)來回運動時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)產生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)提供，此時(shi)，雖然有少(shao)量正(zheng)離(li)子(zi)和光子(zi)轟(hong)擊電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)產生(sheng)(sheng)二次(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)，但二次(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)的(de)(de)振動方向有時(shi)與流入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)流方向相同(tong)，有時(shi)則相反，因為(wei)兩個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)極(ji)性是不斷變化的(de)(de)，因此不利于保證自持(chi)條件。

　　真(zhen)空(kong)泵(beng)廠家(jia)告(gao)訴大(da)家(jia)這種真(zhen)空(kong)泵(beng)的(de)高頻放(fang)電(dian)(dian)只要有(you)高頻電(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)就(jiu)能形成(cheng)(cheng)，所(suo)以一般稱(cheng)為(wei)無極(ji)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)，無極(ji)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)不僅可(ke)以在交(jiao)變電(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)中(zhong)形成(cheng)(cheng)，也可(ke)以在交(jiao)變磁(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)中(zhong)形成(cheng)(cheng)，由于交(jiao)變磁(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)可(ke)以產(chan)生(sheng)渦旋電(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)，氣體中(zhong)殘余電(dian)(dian)離(li)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)在渦旋電(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)的(de)作用下圍繞磁(ci)(ci)力線(xian)加速，產(chan)生(sheng)大(da)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)離(li)，當磁(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)方向(xiang)為(wei)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)管軸向(xiang)時，渦流電(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)會(hui)沿徑向(xiang)逐漸減弱(ruo)，電(dian)(dian)子(zi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)離(li)能力也會(hui)沿徑向(xiang)減弱(ruo)，從而形成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)和離(li)子(zi)沿徑向(xiang)的(de)濃度(du)梯度(du)。

　　在(zai)濃度(du)梯度(du)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用下，電(dian)子(zi)(zi)和(he)離子(zi)(zi)從軸(zhou)向管壁擴散(san)，由于電(dian)子(zi)(zi)擴散(san)速度(du)比(bi)離子(zi)(zi)快，因(yin)(yin)此，在(zai)軸(zhou)上有(you)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)正電(dian)勢(shi)，在(zai)管壁上有(you)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)負(fu)電(dian)勢(shi)，這(zhe)又產生了(le)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)從軸(zhou)到管壁的(de)(de)(de)靜電(dian)場(chang)(chang)，所以放電(dian)管內有(you)兩種(zhong)電(dian)場(chang)(chang)，一(yi)種(zhong)是磁力線周圍(wei)的(de)(de)(de)渦流電(dian)場(chang)(chang)，另一(yi)種(zhong)是從軸(zhou)線到管壁的(de)(de)(de)靜電(dian)場(chang)(chang)，在(zai)這(zhe)兩個(ge)(ge)電(dian)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)時作(zuo)用下，電(dian)子(zi)(zi)繞軸(zhou)運動，向管壁膨脹，產生一(yi)系列同(tong)(tong)心(xin)環，因(yin)(yin)為不(bu)同(tong)(tong)半徑的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)能量(liang)相差大，激發(fa)的(de)(de)(de)能級和(he)數量(liang)也不(bu)同(tong)(tong)，所以不(bu)同(tong)(tong)半徑的(de)(de)(de)環顏色(se)也不(bu)同(tong)(tong)。

　　真空泵廠家(jia)告訴大家(jia)高(gao)頻(pin)放電(dian)(dian)時的(de)點(dian)火電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)是放電(dian)(dian)發生時施加到電(dian)(dian)極上的(de)交(jiao)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)勢差的(de)幅度(du)，該電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)幅度(du)低于(yu)DC放電(dian)(dian)的(de)點(dian)火電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，高(gao)頻(pin)擊(ji)穿(chuan)電(dian)(dian)場的(de)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)與氣(qi)壓(ya)(ya)有關，氣(qi)壓(ya)(ya)越高(gao)，擊(ji)穿(chuan)電(dian)(dian)場強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)越大，擊(ji)穿(chuan)頻(pin)率越高(gao)，高(gao)頻(pin)放電(dian)(dian)廣(guang)泛應用于(yu)雷達和脈沖(chong)技術中。